How to Generate a Steady Income as a Writer for Corporate Clients

Instructions to Generate a Steady Income as a Writer for Corporate Clients Ever wish there was some way you could procure a salary you can rely upon from your composition? Enter the corporate customer and the retainer understanding. Enterprises frequently have a colossal requirement for normal essayists, particularly those with a solid online nearness. They need new substance for their site, blog and pamphlets. Rebecca Matter, President of American Writers Artists Inc (AWAI) encourages journalists to utilize retainers, thus does publicist Angela Booth and substance advertiser Trent Dyrsmid. A retainer is an entirety of cash an organization consents to pay an author a specific whole of cash for an endless supply of work. It is a success win circumstance for the two gatherings. Organizations are ensured quality composition from a trustworthy source and authors can sit back and relax realizing they have consistent cash coming in consistently. Prepared markets for retainers Retainers are most reasonable where there is a requirement for customary composition. Online journals should be refreshed often. what's more, numerous organizations convey week by week bulletins to their customers. Organizations that need to rank well in Google need make new substance. When composing for these organizations, you should completely explore the business and catch the voice of the business. The most effective method to discover customers Start Another approach to discover customers is to look through employment sheets like http://jobs.problogger.net/and bloggingpro.com/occupations/. You can likewise enhance your Linkedin profile, as organizations additionally utilize the system to discover independent scholars. Get possibilities to express yes to a retainer When pitching a retainer bargain, recollect that customers expect a value break. Make certain to bring up that The most effective method to value your administrations for progress Costs ought to reflect not just the time you spend on the customer yet additionally the time you spare not searching for different customers and becoming more acquainted with their requirements. You additionally need to consider what the rate would be if each assignment youll be performing were contracted independently and what investment funds to offer the customer. Above all, settle on the base charge that would make the arrangement advantageous for you and remember this while arranging. Ensure yourself Maintain a strategic distance from mistaken assumptions The sum and date of installment The sum and kind of composing Invoicing methods How each gathering can end the understanding For new customers, you ought to likewise demand 50 percent forthright for the principal month and incorporate a date when the understanding will be evaluated. It is conceivable to win predictable cash composing for enterprises. Concentrate on organizations with high volume composing needs, and snare them with a retainer understanding.

Jose Rizal Novels

College of Perpetual Help System Dalta Alabang-Zapote Road, Pamplona III, Las Pinas City Dedication of Jose Rizal’s Novels: Noli Me Tangere And El Filibusterismo Submitted to: Mr. Artisan (Professor in Life and Works of Rizal) Submitted by: Rosemarie R. Lubay Noli Me tangere â€Å"In the chronicles of human misfortune, there is carved a disease, of a variety so threatening that the least contact intensifies it and mixes in it the most keen of pains.And in this manner, ordinarily in the midst of current societies I have needed to bring out you, now and then for recollections of you to stay with me, different occasions, to contrast you and different countries †commonly your cherished picture appears to me harassed with a social disease of comparative danger. Craving your prosperity, which is our own, and looking for the best fix, I will do with you as the people of old of old did with their burdened: uncover them on the means of the sanctuary so every one who might come to conjure the Divine, would propose a solution for them†¦ † El FilibusterismoTo the memory of the ministers, Don Mariano Gomez (85 years of age), Don Jose Burgos (30 years of age), and Don Jacinto Zamora (35 years of age). Executed in Bagumbayan Field on the 28th of February, 1872. â€Å"The Church, by declining to debase you, has put in question the wrongdoing that has been credited to you; the Government, by encompassing your preliminaries with puzzle and shadows, causes the conviction that there was some mistake, submitted in lethal minutes; and all the Philippines, by adoring your memory and calling you saints, in no sense perceives your culpability.In up until this point, consequently, as your complicity in the Cavite revolt isn't obviously demonstrated, as you could possibly have been nationalists, and as you might have appreciated opinions for equity and for freedom, I reserve the option to commit my work to you as casualties of the malevolent which I embrace to ba ttle. And keeping in mind that we stand by hopefully upon Spain sometime to reestablish your great name and stop to be liable for your passing, let these pages fill in as a late wreath of dried leaves over your obscure tombs, and let it be comprehended that each and every individual who without clear verifications assaults your memory recolors his hands in your blood! †

What You Need to Know When You Write Your Essay

What You Need to Know When You Write Your EssayBefore beginning your persuasive essay, write an explanatory synthesis. As the title suggests, it is the introduction of your persuasive essay. You should write it for the purpose of explaining the main points of your essay. If you can't think of anything to say about a topic in your essay, you can simply point out or describe it briefly.Usually, the main topic of your essay is either about your college career or about your college experiences. The specific question you want to answer by writing an explanatory synthesis is what is your favorite part of college? It could be about the knowledge you have acquired while participating in student organizations or the educational aspect of your college life.So, you know what your essay is all about and now you are ready to write about something that pertains to your college career. You can write about your first day of college, your first year of college or the big change you encountered when y ou graduated from college.You can also tell a story about the best thing about your college experience. Tell how much fun you had in the dorms or how you met your boyfriend or girlfriend. You can even tell a funny story about a situation you have found yourself in.In order to make a compelling story, you must start with specific reasons why you love college. This is a good time to elaborate your story and also to add a little bit of humor in it. You will definitely make a better impression if you include some humorous descriptions about your college experiences.The next part of your story is where you tell what happened and what you thought after you saw the result of your situation. All of your experience should not end up in a single paragraph. It will be a good idea to combine a few paragraphs into one as this will give more impact and interest to your story.After you finish your story, you will need to analyze it. You will need to summarize the story in your persuasive essay and identify what you would do if your story turned out to be true. This is the final part of your analysis.You should always start writing an explanatory essay topics with a theme. A theme is like the title of your essay. In fact, you can use a theme to help you write a better introductory sentence for your essay.

Tuition And Student Debt At Colleges - 886 Words

Tuition and student debt at colleges and universities in America have been rising far more quickly than inflation for over four decades. This is a trend that will continue without intervention. Student debt drastically affects students’ lives and decisions from getting married, to buying home, or to starting a business. The amount of debt held by students after graduating not only negatively affects the individual, but the economy as well. Loads of economic activity is currently halted by students working to pay off their loans. This is a consequential problem and the increasing number of student debt in America must be addressed. While student debt has been an issue for quite some time, the steady increase annually is alarming. According to MarketWatch, The average amount of debt per student upon graduating in 2015 was $35,051; about $2,000 more than class of 2014 graduates. In comparison, the amount of debt per student in 1993 stood just under $10,000. In a report by the Urban Institute, a Washington, DC-based think tank that carries out economic and social policy research, the quantity of college graduates with more than $40,000 in student loans has increased by almost ten times in eight years. Not only is the amount of debt per student upon graduating steadily increasing, but also the amount of students requiring loans. Currently, the amount of students requiring loans to graduate stands around seventy percent; ten percent higher than class of 1997 graduates. These areShow MoreRelatedThe Rising Cost Of College Tuition And Student Debt1221 Words   |  5 Pagesrising cost of college tuition and student deb t is a necessary evil. Many students will gladly undertake the burden of having debt in order to attain what they seek the most, a college degree. A college degree is a prestigious accomplishment; a testament to a student’s iron will. 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This is because student debt is increasing at an incredible rate and everyone agrees that it is a major problem. Many solutions have been proposed to fix this problem, yet nothing has been done. This problem is projected to worsen in the near future. The causes of this are relatively simple and clear-cut. The increase in student debt is caused by a combination of factorsRead MoreShould Taxpayers Fund College Tu ition? No?909 Words   |  4 PagesAnna Lis Professor Holly Boux Political Science 103 December 1st, 2015 Should Taxpayers Fund College Tuition? No Dear Representative John Kline, Executive Summary: In the United States, college should remain an accessible opportunity for Americans. Any one who is willing to put in the hard work and effort to make their future better, should be secured an education. A college education is important to one s future and can make a huge difference in how successful someone can become.Read MoreCollege Tuition Should Not Be Paid960 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to MyBudget360, college tuition has skyrocketed over four hundred percent since 1984. Now, the average tuition rate for private universities in America is over $31,000 and over $9,000 for public universities. Not only that, but thirty-seven million Americans have outstanding student debt and thirty-seven percent of college students look for a job requiring no higher than a high school diploma AFTER they graduate. Tuition has tripled, graduates have outstanding student debt, and in addition toRead MoreShould The Federal Government Should Allow Free College Tuition And The Effects And Conseq uences Of Doing900 Words   |  4 Pagesmust attend college and submerge with a degree. It is exactly why most people in the states pursue higher education, a key component to possess financial security. 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Managing People and Organization - Coloplast - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 15 Words: 4647 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/12 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Managing People and Organisations COLOPLAST A/S – ORGANISATIONAL CHALLENGES IN OFFSHORING 14 July 2010 Word Count 4072 Contents 1. Executive Summary4 2 . Introduction5 2. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Managing People and Organization Coloplast" essay for you Create order 2 Coloplast Products and Revenue Contribution in Percentage. 5 2. 3 Distribution of Global Sales6 3. External Environment of Coloplast6 3. 1 Reimbursement Policy Change6 3. 2 Ruling and Opposition Parties7 3. 3 Medical Science Advancements7 3. 4 Labour Laws7 3. 5 Harmonization of health care systems7 3. 6 Market Currency Fluctuations7 3. 7 Forum for addressing best practice8 4. Four Dimension of Complexity8 . 1 Multiplicity8 4. 2 Interdependence8 4. 3 Ambiguity8 4. 4 Flux8 5. Internal Environment of Coloplast A/S9 5. 1 Coloplast – Denmark9 5. 2 Goffee Jones model10 Sociability10 Solidarity10 5. 3 Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions. 11 5. 3. 1 Power Distance Index (PDI)12 Key Implication12 5. 3. 2 Individualism (IDV)12 Key Implication13 5. 3. 3 Masculinity (MAS)13 Key Implication13 5. 3. 4 Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI)13 Key Implication13 5. 3. 5 Long-Term Orientation (LTO)14 Key Implication14 6. Employees Motivation and Commitment14 6. 1 Key Implications on future man agement14 . 2 Motivation15 6. 3 Motivation Theories15 6. 3. 1 Content Theory15 Herzeberg’s Hygiene Factors and Motivators15 6. 3. 2 Process theory16 Goal Setting Theory16 7. Recommendation to Rasmussen16 7. 1 Kotter’s Implementation Plan17 8. Bibliography19 9. Appendix20 1. Executive Summary Coloplast A/s Values Our values define the way we think and act, both as individuals and as a company. As an appointed Management Consultant of Coloplast to assist Allan Rasmussen, Director of Coloplast A/S on critical imminent decision about the off shoring ventures to Hungary and China. My report covers the below scope. * Key factors that contributes to the External Environment of the Global medical devices Industry in the current condition. * Analysis of Internal Environment of Coloplast A/S * Motivation and Future Management of Coloplast A/S * Off shoring Recommendation to Rasmussen Coloplast has been in the global market in terms of distributing their products in Europe and America. However in terms of production, Denmark has been the base of the production unit. To achieve 10% organic sales growth, it is important for the organisation to generally reduce costs, among other things by continuing to relocate production to low-wage economies and on being strongly focused on maintaining cost-conscious behavior. â€Å"Change is the only constant† Heraclitus, Greek philosopher What was true more than two thousand years ago is just as true today. We live in a world where business as usual IS change. New initiatives, project-based working, technology improvements, staying ahead of the competition these things come together to drive ongoing changes to the way we work. As an organisation, relocation of the volume production to Hungary was the first attempt by the Coloplast to shake the apple cart. Analysing the lessons learnt during the relocation Hungary has already given vital clues to the organisation to think about other ventures. The next off shoring destination China is challenging in terms of moving the production line, however the external environment foresight conveys that the Government approvals take much longer period that, it is ideal to kick off planning the shift right now. At the same time, many projects fail because Victory is declared too early. It is important to not lose focus on the new location Hungary which has created the mood of Change within the organisation. I strongly recommend the relocation of the volume production for the mature product lines to Hungary and China. 2 . Introduction Mission Making life easier for people with intimate healthcare needs Coloplast develops and markets products and services that make life easier for people with medical conditions that are deeply private and personal. Coloplast works closely with users to develop solutions that meet their special needs, called as intimate healthcare. Coloplast operates in these business areas: * Ostomy care products for people whose intestinal outlet has been rerouted through the abdominal wall * Urology and continence care products for people suffering from diseases of the kidneys, the urinary system or the male reproductive system * Dressings for the treatment of chronic wounds, skin care and Breast care products. 2. 2 Coloplast Products and Revenue Contribution in Percentage. Coloplast market and sell their products and services globally, and in most markets local healthcare authorities provide reimbursement for the products. Coloplast also supply the products to hospitals, institutions as well as wholesalers and retailers. 2. 3 Distribution of Global Sales Subsidiaries and manufacturing units at * DENMARK * GERMANY * HUNGARY * UNITED STATES * COSTA RICA * CHINA 3. External Environment of Coloplast Key factors and implications for the Management of People and Organisation based on the PEST analysis, (Appendix A) 3. 1 Reimbursement Policy Change The Reimbursement policy changes can affect a serious cut in the profit of Coloplast; Since Coloplast sales are also based on the deals with the medical institutions and insurance policies, the changes which are unfavourable to these deals may affect the large chunk of the sales volume. German Reimbursement policy changes in 2005 had a substantial impact on Coloplast, as a result the price reduction on Ostomy care and continence care products were 10% and 10 to 15% respectively. Similar changes were expected also in Italy, Spain and France; such changes impede the growth of the Coloplast. 3. Ruling and Opposition Parties Coloplast has to be completely cognizant of the Ruling and Opposition parties in the countries of interest. The agenda and vision of the country’s political parties can be favourable in terms of working out a business deal for a company like Coloplast which creates mass employment opportunities, brings investments in to the medical sector of the country. Gover nments like China provide Tax holidays to the companies for a certain period as a result of setting up business in their soil, which might work in the favour of Coloplast. 3. 3 Medical Science Advancements The advancement in the medical study is one factor which keeps changing the future of Coloplast. Certain products that are produced by Coloplast have enjoyed long product –life cycles which have not deviated for 30 years. This proves, the products are used by people in their homes where stability and conformity were important parameters; which may not likely to be the case in terms of the new customers. The advancements in the medical science can prescribe alternative methods of treatments or changes to improved surgical procedures to the new and existing customers. . 4 Labour Laws The labour laws are currently applicable for Coloplast across all the units, which might stifle certain business decisions. Off shoring can be challenging as these laws restricts movement of critical resources between countries when needed. During employment, relocation or off shoring, Coloplast has to stick to the immigration regulation policy, Health and Safety policy of the country. 3. 5 Harmoniz ation of health care systems The selling price of the Coloplast health care products can be increased are ecreased based on the selling price of the similar products by their competitors. Since the successful product always attracts attention there can be increase in parallel importing, which may result in fall in the revenue. 3. 6 Market Currency Fluctuations In general, when the world economy is in the positive direction, medical sector performs well in the international indices, the market capitalisation of such company increases. For a Global organisation like Coloplast, the Market sentiments play a vital role in determining the cash flow. Every decision regarding growth of the organisation has to go through the decision of the shareholders. Since Coloplast reports the profits in DKK, all the sales and revenue figures which involves various currencies has to go through a conversions based on the International currency rate. The slightest of dip in the rate can create an impact on the revenue. 3. 7 Forum for addressing best practice Coloplast Danish manufacturing unit has six locations, and each location specialises in a specific product. The resources do not interact in terms of sharing of best practises over a forum, there can a process line available in one of the units which might have answers to issues in another unit which is failed to tap with the current process. Most of the process in the Danish unit is made simplistic by the employees, however there is very less documentation of these simplistic solutions which might be handy during off shoring. 4. Four Dimension of Complexity While the dominant western management theories favour prediction and control, a more appropriate focus might be on channelling the complexity presented. Adopting a more Eastern, holistic approach to thinking will aid this focus. (Lane, et al. , 2004) Refer Appendix B. The dimensions are 4. 1 Multiplicity Coloplast as a global organisation has to align the view points of Governments of the countries like, Hungary, Denmark, China, Germany, Costa Rica, US and China while setting up a unit. The employees of the different countries vary in their expectations which might have telling tale on the production line. It is absolutely important for the Coloplast to constantly review the Suppliers and other players whenever a new country is set up. . 2 Interdependence In case of Denmark unit, the 6 Coloplast destinations had less interdependence in terms of sharing of best practices. The production level and communication of the information was structured and efficient however there wasn’t any knowledge sharing between these units. The fact that the organisation which is overlooking relocation; should encourage platforms of more interactio ns in all possible methods. 4. 3 Ambiguity Coloplast has handled communication with Denmark about major business decisions equivocally, which is a positive energy around this business unit. The standing testimony of this clarity in term of no production losses or stoppages occurred on hearing the news about the relocation. Every employee was aware of what is going on in the higher level and what is the expectation from each one called as the Cause-effect relationship. 4. 4 Flux Even though certain Coloplast products have not changed in terms of dimension for 30 years, there are many changes happening in terms of achieving the 10% Organic growth every year. Flux is the degree and speed of change, which is represented as Dynamic Complexity. Dynamic Complexity = Multiplicity x Interdependence x Ambiguity. 5. Internal Environment of Coloplast A/S 5. 1 Coloplast – Denmark Coloplast facilities were characterized by a decentralized organisational structure with a high degree of autonomy in its production planning systems and documentation. Coloplast had six different plants in Denmark, each of which specialized in one of coloplast’s three main business areas Ostomy Continence products and adhesives. The decentralized production facilities and the lack of fixed procedures and tructured interfaces worked very well in a purely Danish context, because communication was still relatively easy with most facilities located within half an hour’s drive from each other. 5. 2 Goffee Jones model High Coloplast Denmark Sociability Networked| Communal| Fragmented| Coloplast Hungary Mercenary| Low Low High Solidarity Goffee and Jones (1996) strongly advocated that it is culture that holds a company together and that wi thout it, the organisation lacks values, direction and purpose. Sociability is â€Å"the measure of emotional, no instrumental relations.. † Coloplast shared ideas relatively easily with most facilities located within half an hour drive from each other. When Sociability is high, there is high there is an enjoyable atmosphere in the workplace while fostering teamwork and sharing of ideas, Solidarity is â€Å"a measure of a community’s ability to purse shared objectives quickly and effectively regardless of personal ties†. Coloplast had decentralized groups less united with solidarity because of the task itself or the outcomes of achievement. Coloplast A/S Denmark units were characterised by a family-type atmosphere and my not lack a hierarchy, but work on ways to get around them. The friendliness exhibited can also be detrimental when trying to achieve goal requiring a structured approach. Each Factory used different programmable logic controllers and computer to control and manage automatic production machines. Each unit felt that its way of organizing production was unique and could not be altered. Coloplast A/S Hungary is the opposite of Networked and characterised in professionalism and systematic structured approach. Even though the facilitation of knowledge transfer to local employees was considered as a challenging task by Coloplast, the Hungarians brought fresh set of skill sets with very high technical level, production planning and quality controls. Need of the hour for Coloplast is the forum to share the best practices across all offices where the volume production is carried out. The reason of this forum is the not going to benefit not only the Hungarians for understanding the process but also the Danish employees about the approaches to issues. 5. 3 Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions. Figure (a) – Comparison of Hungary Denmark Cultural Dimensions. Figure (b) – Comparison of Cultural dimensions of Denmark, Hungary, China, Germany, USA and Costa Rica 5. 3. 1 Power Distance Index (PDI) that is the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. This represents inequality (more versus less), but defined from below, not from above. It suggests that a societys level of inequality is endorsed by the followers as much as by the leaders.. Key Implication Coloplast Denmark is a family type atmosphere which is not only evident in the Goffee and Jones, but also in the Hofstede model. On comparing the PDI value for Denmark, Hungary and China; the managers might play powerful and significant role in Hungary and China than in Denmark. Hence it is important for Coloplast to count on Managers more in terms of crucial day to day business decision in Hungary and China. (Refer fig b). 5. 3. 2 Individualism (IDV) on the one side versus its opposite, collectivism, that is the degree to which individuals are inte-grated into groups. On the individualist side we find societies in which the ties between individuals are loose On the collectivist side, we find societies in which people from birth onwards are integrated into strong, cohesive in-groups, often extended families which continue protecting them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty. Key Implication Coloplast Hungary resources posses strong individual skills and can handle issues with panache, this is one of the reasons the pilot phase and off shoring phase of the relocation was a bit stable even though there was lack of proper documentation and knowledge transfer was ineffective by the Danish. The team at the incipient stage was brilliant in terms of their approach in learning the process and adding values to it. This might not be the case during the off shoring to China, as the Chinese employees believe in collectivism. The Asian culture grows and succeeds as a group whereas the European culture is individualistic. The important take away from this analysis is that there has to be many teams formed in China which would have been otherwise carried out by few resources in Hungary and Denmark. As part of the employee package, family oriented benefits such as Family Health benefits, Family Insurance Benefits may not be a wise decision to attract resources in Europe, while these benefits might be a game changer in China. (Refer fig b) 5. 3. 3 Masculinity (MAS) versus its opposite, femininity refers to the distribution of roles between the genders which is another fundamental issue for any society to which a range of solutions are found. Masculinity refers to Assertiveness and Competitive values and Femininity refers to values such as Modest and Caring. Key Implication Coloplast Denmark has been more caring and everyone felt within a family which was the highlight of the Goffee and Jones model, which is substantiated here in the Masculinity figure as well. This one of the reasons for the Danish unit was successful and each of their six units behaved distinctly in their day to day work process, even to the extent of using different PLC’s and Computers. Hungary and China units will be more competitive and assertive in their approach. The reward programs might be more beneficial in the long run, in creating more challenging and positive environment. (Refer fig b) 5. 3. Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) deals with a societys tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity; it ultimately refers to mans search for Truth. It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations. Unstructured situations are novel, unknown, surprising, and different from usual. Uncertainty avoiding cult ures try to minimize the possibility of such situations by strict laws and rules, safety and security measures, and on the philosophical and religious level by a belief in absolute Truth; there can only be one Truth and we have it. Key Implication Coloplast Hungary cannot tolerate uncertainty and ambiguity, whereas Denmark and China are more phlegmatic and contemplative. There is a need for more plans and policy to satisfy people in Hungary; that the uncertainty will be minimized. The safety standards and security measure in Hungary needs to be much higher than Denmark and China. It might be a good idea for Coloplast to avoid uncertainty in all the units, but Hungary care for it more. (Refer fig b) 5. 3. Long-Term Orientation (LTO) versus short-term orientation: this fifth dimension was found in a study among students in 23 countries around the world, using a questionnaire designed by Chinese scholars it is explained as a value that deals with thrift and perseverance. A low score for LTO is associated with a respect for tradition, fulfilling social obligations and protecting one’s face. Key Implication China is unchallenged in terms of planning Long term and gives an edge to Coloplast to conceive long te rm ideas and decisions. Hungary and Demark can support Coloplast in all their short term business commitments. Refer fig b) 6. Employees Motivation and Commitment 6. 1 Key Implications on future management In periods of Organisation change such as Coloplast’ off shoring and relocation, employees may feel that their attachment to the organisation has waned. This is particularly true if the organisation change brings job insecurity because of layoffs. Even if only the potential for exists it is still possible that the level of emotional attachment may reduce because of a perceived break of psychological contracts between employees and management, though normative and continuance commitments may be unchanged. Motivation is absolutely important during the relocation process. Motivation helps Coloplast Denmark to restore stability in their day to day business activity. The last thing Coloplast would be interested is to lose out to their competitors during the testing time like relocation. Such a situation most often leads to a dent in the revenue with various questions and doubts about the off shoring raised by the stakeholders. Knowledge transfer is another vital factor that can suffer due to varied level of motivation. The management was able to ascertain that Danish employees might be less forthcoming if they are convinced that their job is at loss. The fear of job loss can create a big hiatus between the organisation and employees. Coloplast Denmark management has handled the fear factor during the pilot project in a better way by providing alternate assignment for the resources, who had their job off shored. The Danish employees fear factor was totally alleviated and were able demonstrate normal attitude at work without setting panic. 6. 2 Motivation those psychological processes that cause an arousal, direction and persistency of voluntary actions that are goal directed. † For a Managerial useful concept, Mitchell (1982,p. 81) This definition may remind the manager that motivation is not only about what initiates an action or behaviour by staff, but that there is the alignment with organisational goals, and just as important the continuation of the cause and desirable effect of motivation . Extrinsic Motivation is related to tangible rewards such as salary, company car and nice office. In general Mullins (2005) says extrinsic motivation is that something that is more addressed by the organisation than the individual manager although the manager may certainly influence of initiate such rewards. Intrinsic Motivation results in good feelings hat improve our concept of who we are and what we can achieve. Intrinsic motivators include curiosity, discovery and sensory stimulation which are innate or coming from within a person ( Eisenberger, 1992) 6. 3 Motivation Theories Motivation theories help us understand what motivates people at work, classified as Content and process theories. The different motivation theories address the various elements in the motivational process. Content or Need based Theory – that emphasise what motivates individuals, what address the intrinsic causes of behaviour. Process Theory – gives attention to how people are motivated or demotivated, focussing on behavioural processes such as perception, cognition and learning. 6. 3. 1 Content Theory Herzeberg’s Hygiene Factors and Motivators – also called the Motivation-hygiene theory is another popular needs based theory. On the bases of his research the factors leading to job satisfaction are separate nd distinct from those that lead to job dissatisfaction. Therefore managers who eliminate factors that create dissatisfaction may bring about peace and harmony but not necessarily motivation. The below mentioned hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction and move individual to a state where he or she can be motivated. Another set of factors then should be in place to mo tivate the person call as Motivators. (Refer fig c) Figure C – Herzeberg’s Hygiene Factors and Motivators Hygiene Factors Motivators Salary Achievement Job Security Recognition Working Conditions Promotion Company Status Responsibility Technical Assistance Personal Development Administrative Efficiency Autonomy 6. 3. 2 Process theory Goal Setting Theory emphasis on the role of an individual’s perceptions of the work, or other situation, in which they are required to exert effort. It is also clearly important that they have the ability to perform the task, and that other resources- equipment and other hygiene factors are felt to be adequate. It is not the final answer to the problem of hot to motivate people, but does show my practical promise. It is also useful for managers in that it highlights the role of incentives and provides clear indications of how it can be implemented. It is also widely accepted in the human resource management practices by organisation. It also provides holistic link between features of jobs, the individual’s experience and the outcome in terms of motivation, satisfaction and performance. . Recommendation to Rasmussen * Coloplast decision to relocate to Hungary is one of the best decisions made by the management. Off shoring to China is another major realistic challenge for the management, but the lesson learnt in the Hungarian migration has provided valuable insight to the organisation. * The resources have embraced the visi on of change and mood is set. Coloplast is now in the position to create a template and roll on a systematic migration to China and various other locations in the future. The Training and Knowledge transfer team in Hungary comprised of Danish staff, however the training team to China should comprise of both Hungary and Denmark resources. There are many theories about how to do change. Many originate with leadership and change management guru, John Kotter. A professor at Harvard Business School and world-renowned change expert, Kotter introduced his eight-step change process in his 1995 book, Leading Change. We look at his eight steps for leading change below. 7. 1 Kotter’s Implementation Plan Step One: Create Urgency For change to happen, it helps if the whole company really wants it. Coloplast should develop a sense of urgency around the need for change. Open an honest and convincing dialogue about whats happening in the marketplace and with the competition. * Identify potential threats, and develop scenarios showing what could happen in the future. * Start honest discussions, and give dynamic and convincing reasons to get people talking and thinking. * Request support from customers, outside stakeholders and industry people to strengthen your argument. Step Two: Form a Powerful Coalition Managing change isnt enough, Organization have to lead it. To lead change, bring together a coalition of influential people whose power comes from a variety of sources, including job title, status, expertise, and political importance. Once formed the change coalition needs to work as a team, continuing to build urgency and momentum around the need for change. * Identify the true leaders in all six Danish units. * Ask for an emotional commitment from key Danish employees. * Work on team building within your change coalition. Check your team for weak areas, and ensure that you have a good mix of people from different departments and different levels within your company. Step Three: Create a Vision for Change A clear vision can help Danish employees understand why youre asking them to do something. When people see for themselves what youre trying to achieve, then the directives theyre given tend to make more sense. * Determine the values that are cent ral to the change. * Develop a short summary that captures what to see as the future of Coloplast. * Create a strategy to execute that vision. Ensure that Coloplast change coalition can describe the vision in five minutes or less. Step Four: Communicate the Vision What Coloplast does with the vision after creating it will determine the success. The Managers shouldn’t just call special meetings to communicate the vision, instead, talk about it every chance they get. Its also important to walk the talk. * Talk often about the change vision. * Openly and honestly address peoples concerns and anxieties. * Apply the vision to all aspects of operations from training to performance reviews, Tie everything back to the vision. Lead by example. Step Five: Remove Obstacles But is anyone resisting the change? And are there processes or structures that are getting in its way? By putting in place the structure for change, and continually check for barriers and removing obstacles can empo wer the people and it can help the change move forward. * Identify, or hire, change leaders whose main roles are to deliver the change. * Look at your organizational structure, job descriptions, and performance and compensation systems to ensure theyre in line with Coloplast vision. * Recognize and reward people for making change happen. Identify people who are resisting the change, and help them see whats needed. * Take action to quickly remove barriers (human or otherwise). Step Six: Create Short-term Wins Nothing motivates more than success. Give your company a taste of victory early in the change process. Within a short time frame (this could be a month or a year, depending on the type of change), the result that every staff can see. Create short-term targets not just one long-term goal. Each win that you produce can further motivate the entire staff. * Look for sure-fire projects that you can implement without help from any strong critics of the change. Dont choose early targe ts that are expensive. * Thoroughly analyze the potential pros and cons of your targets. * Reward the people who help you meet the targets. Step Seven: Build on the Change Kotter argues that many change projects fail because victory is declared too early. Real change runs deep. Quick wins are only the beginning of what needs to be done to achieve long-term change. * After every win, analyze what went right and what needs improving. * Set goals to continue building on the momentum achieved. Step Eight: Anchor the Changes in Corporate Culture Finally, to make any change stick, it should become part of the core of Coloplast. Make continuous efforts to ensure that the change is seen in every aspect, this will help give that change a solid place in your organizations culture. * Talk about progress every chance you get. Tell success stories about the change process, and repeat other stories that are heard. * Publicly recognize key members of the original change coalition, and make sure the rest of the staff new and old remembers their contributions. * Create plans to replace key leaders of change as they move on. The carry lessons learnt during the change hence will be absolutely critical to the future off shoring projects. 8. Bibliography Kingston University Business School, Managing People and Organisation Chapters 1 13 Lane, H et al (2004) The Blackwell Handbook of Global Management and Guide to Management Complexity P. 3 – 22, 199 – 226 Paine, L (June 2010) Harvard Business Review – The China Rules P. 103 – 108 Goffee, R and Jones, G(1996) What holds the modern Company together? Harvard business Review. Mitchell, T (1982) Motivation: New directions for theory, research and practice. Academy of Management Review. Vol 7, No 1, 80-88. Pyndt, J and Pederson, T (2007) Journal of International Business Studies – Managing Global Offshoring Strategies: A Case Approach. P. 207 – 210. Hofstede, G https://www. geert-hofstede. com/geert_hofstede_resources. html accessed 10th July 2010. https://www. kotterinternational. com/KotterPrinciples/ accessed 11th July 2010. Mudambi R (2007) Journal of International Business Studies – Offshoring: Economic Geography and the Multinational Firm P. 21O 9. Appendix A – PEST Analysis B – Four Degrees of Complexity Global Complexity Multiplicity Interdependence Ambiguity Flux People Processes Collaborating Discovering Architecting Systems thinking

Business Law 355 Tort Reform - 1946 Words

Sabrina Hood Business Law 355 Tort Reform Paper Since about the mid-late 1980’s many states have implemented and enforced statutes to limit tort lawsuits. Tort reform is the political term for redefining tort laws and reducing tort litigation, damages, compensation, and even amounts awarded (Quinn). The reformation of the nation’s tort system, or changing laws throughout a state dealing with injuries to a person or their property have done a lot more harm than good for consumers. While each tort reform law varies depending on the state, they all have one of the following goals in mind: â€Å"(1) to make it more difficult for injured people to file a lawsuit, (2) to make it more difficult for injured people to obtain a jury trial, (3) to place limits on the amount of money injured people receive in a lawsuit (Lane).† Tort reforms are laws that limit or reduce damages or awards in a specific state. People are in favor of tort reforms because they think that frivolous lawsuits are clogging the courtrooms, which is just not true. In 1992, the National Center for State Court’s (NCSC) data showed that only 2.4% all civil cases brought to court were of medical cases and only 1.7% were product cases. This very clearly shows that frivolous civil cases are not clogging the court room (The Free Library). In 2008, Senator John McCain made a claim for tort reforms by saying he wanted to pass them â€Å"to eliminate frivolous lawsuits (Quinn).† However, are all law suits frivolous? Is everyShow MoreRelatedTB11e 1031145 Words   |  125 PagesChapter 10 Contracts TEST BANK 1. The ______________ evolved in commerce over the centuries. a. law of contracts b. law of commerce c. law of trade d. law of documents e. law of freedom ANSWER: a (page 262) National:   AACSB Analytic;  Communication; AICPA BB-Legal 2. The ______________ evolved in commerce over the centuries. a. law of invention b. law of commerce c. law of trade d. law of documents e. none of the other choices are correct ANSWER: e (page 262) National:   AACSB Analytic;  Communication;Read MoreUnited States V. Arizona14319 Words   |  58 PagesUnited States v. Arizona: The Support Our Law Enforcement and Neighborhoods Act is Preempted and Discriminatory Melissa Goolsarran Table of Contents I. Introduction 1 II. Perspective: Immigration, Discrimination, and Limitations on State Laws 3 III. Background: United States v. Arizona 9 A. S.B. 1070 and the Legislature’s Justification 10 B. The Decision: United States v. Arizona 18 IV. Analysis: S.B. 1070 is Preempted by Federal Immigration Law and Also Discriminatory 23 A. The NinthRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 Pagesbetter, live longer GlaxoSmithKline Annual Report 2010 Contents Business review P08–P57 Governance and remuneration P58–P101 Financial statements P102–P191 Shareholder information P192–P212 Business review 2010 Performance overview Research and development Pipeline summary Products, competition and intellectual property Regulation Manufacturing and supply World market GSK sales performance Segment reviews Responsible business Financial review 2010 Financial position and resources Financial reviewRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pageschallenges currently facing organizations and managers. List and define each of the seven major categories of HR activities. Identify the three different roles of HR management. Discuss the three dimensions associated with HR management as a strategic business contributor. Explain why HR professionals and operating managers must view HR management as an interface. Discuss why ethical issues and professionalism affect HR management as a career field. ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  3 HR TRANSITIONS HR ManagementRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 Pagesof California, Mr. STARK, Mr. PALLONE, and Mr. ANDREWS) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Education and Labor, Ways and Means, Oversight and Government Reform, the Budget, Rules, Natural Resources, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned A BILL To provide

‘Home Bias’ Phenomenon Challenge the View That Investors Are Rational Essay Sample free essay sample

This essay will explicate what reason of investors and place prejudice are and so discourse to what extent the ‘home bias’ phenomenon challenges the position that investors are rational. In neoclassical economic sciences. investors are supposed to be rational. which includes 3 points ( premise ) ? . 1 ) â€Å"people have rational penchants across possible results or provinces of nature† ; 2 ) â€Å"people maximize public-service corporation and houses maximize profits† ; and 3 ) â€Å"people make independent determinations based on all relevant information† ( Ackert A ; Deaves 2010. p. 4 ) . These points here are supposed to judge whether investors are rational or non in this essay. Home prejudice phenomenon might likely dispute the position that investors are rational. Home prejudice is the inclination of investors to put in a big sum of domestic equities. despite the possible benefits of diversified foreign equities ( Tesa A ; Werner. 1995 ) . If investors are rational. investors should look for variegation of portfolio in international markets because it has been recognized for a long clip that possible net incomes can be gained by the variegation of investing portfolios across national markets ( Tesa A ; Werner. 1995 ) . But as French A ; Poterba ( 1991 ) show. most investors hold about all of their wealth in domestic. In the five biggest stock markets of the universe. 92. 2 per centum of ownership in USA stock market is hold by domestic investors. 95. 7 per centum in Japan. 92 per centum in United Kingdom. 89. 4 per centum in France. and 79 per centum in Germany. This shows â€Å"home bias† phenomenon to a great extent exists. To some extent. investors are supposed to be non wholly rational. Rational investors should put for highest net income and comparative lowest hazard harmonizing to the definition of investors’ ration mentioned in paragraph 2 ( Ackert A ; Deaves. 2010 ) . Under these. international diversified portfolio is the best pick has been proved by some research workers. Tesa A ; Werner ( 1995 ) find that variegation of international portfolio contributes to additions harmonizing to pure hazard decrease. And they besides discover that comparing with the value standard theories would foretell. the per centum of oversea assets is still significantly little in the portfolios. They draw the decision that domestic securities in national portfolios exists strong prejudice and investors are irrational on this. Their decision is doubted by some voice. It is argued by some people that there are â€Å"high minutess costs associated with trading foreign securities† ( Tesa A ; Werner. 1995 ) . However. such statement seems non to be well-founded. Tesa and Werner ( 1995 ) observe that international investors seting the size and the composing of their portfolios at a considerable high frequence. even though most of these accommodations have small influence on net places of investing. This discovery indicates that minutess costs can non account for the reluctance of investors to diversified international portfolios. Therefore. investors are supposed to be irrational because they may go against the first and 2nd points of investor ration definition mentioned in paragraph 2. It still can non be concluded that investors are irrational although investors show evident reluctance on international diversified portfolio. Harmonizing to the definition of investor ration mentioned in paragraph 2. the last one points out that investors make determinations independently based on all relevant information ( Ackert A ; Deaves ) . In this point. the key job is the â€Å"relevant information† . It is evidently that information is non every bit available to different groups of investors. which called information dissymmetry. particularly between different foreign markets. For illustration. clip slowdown can non be eliminated even though communicating engineering is good developed today. It can be imaged that really few investors in United Kingdom are willing to watch stock market in China at mid dark. As a consequence. investors assess the hazard of different investings non merely establishing on historical criterion divergence ; investors tend to ascribe extra â€Å"risk† to foreign asserts because they have less or dawdling information about foreign economic environment and markets. ( Gallic A ; Poterba. 1991 ) Information dissymmetry can do another job pointed out by French A ; Poterba ( 1991 ) is that return outlooks of investors in different states vary consistently ; it is difficult for investors to larn that expected returns in domestic markets are non consistently higher than those abroad because gauging expected returns in equity markets is statistical unsure. Apart from information dissymmetry. revenue enhancement loads besides should be taken into consideration. Tax burdens on foreign equity involvement are higher than domestic. taking investors toward keeping domestic equity ( French A ; Poterba. 1991 ) . Therefore. it is difficult to state investors are irrational entirely because of the penchant of puting in domestic equities. Essay programQuestion:To what extent does the ‘home bias’ phenomenon challenge the position that investors are rational? Thesis statementThis essay will explicate what ‘ration of investors’ and ‘home bias’ are and so discourse to what extent the ‘home bias’ phenomenon challenges the position that investors are rational. What is investor ration?†¢Definition from Behavioral finance: psychological science. decision-making. and markets. ( Ackert A ; Deaves. 2010 ) What is place prejudice and to what extent it exists?†¢Data of domestic ownership portions from research by Gallic and Poterba ( 1991 ) †¢Description of â€Å"home bias† from Tesar and Werner ( 1995 ) Why investors are irrational?†¢Reference to assumption 1 and 2 about investor ration ( Ackert A ; Deaves. 2010 ) †¢Potential additions from variegation of international portfolio ( Tesar A ; Werner. 1995 ) †¢The ground why minutess costs can non account for â€Å"home bias† ( Tesar A ; Werner. 1995 ) Why investors are rational?†¢Reference to assumption 3 about investor ration ( Ackert A ; Deaves. 2010 ) †¢General accounts for information dissymmetry ( Gallic A ; Poterba. 1991 ) †¢Effects of revenue enhancement loads on investing determination ( Gallic A ; Poterba. 1991 ) Mention: Gallic. K. and Poterba. J. ( 1991 ) Investor Diversification and International Equity Markets. American Economic Review. 81 ( 2 ) . pp. 222–226. Tesar. L. and Werner. I. ( 1995 ) Home Bias and High Turnover. Journal of International Money and Finance. 14 ( 4 ) . pp. 467–492. Ackert. L. F. and Deaves. R. ( 2010 ) Behavioral finance: psychological science. decision-making. and markets. Ohio. USA: South-western Cengage Learning.

A Review Of The Dabur Network Information Technology Essay Essay Example

A Review Of The Dabur Network Information Technology Essay Essay Example A Review Of The Dabur Network Information Technology Essay Essay A Review Of The Dabur Network Information Technology Essay Essay Introduction DaburA is a Indian consumer goods company with involvements inA Oral Care, A Hair Care, A A Skin Care, A Health Care, Home CareA andA even in nutrients. From its low first stage in the bylanes of Calcutta in the twelvemonth 1884 as an Ayurvedic medical specialties company. Dabur has come a stretched manner today to go among the top companies. Dabur India LimitedA is the fourth largest FMCG Company in India. Dabur had a turnover of about Rs. 3390.9 Crore FY 09-10 A ; Market Capitalisation of over Rs 15500 Crore which clearly shows the company s base. The company has kept an oculus on new coevalss of clients with a assortment of merchandises that provide to a modern life style, while supervising non to estrange past coevalss of faithful clients. Dabur s web is in the signifier of star topology with 6 DAMA ( Demand Assigned Multiple Access ) links from Hughes Escorts Communications Limited ( HECL ) . There are around 40-50 Time Division Multiple Access ( TDMA ) VSATs ( Very Small Aperture Terminals ) , which are used for associating the distribution web. Then there is Virtual Private Network ( VPN ) connectivity affecting Dabur s offices in Delhi and Mumbai, and the corporate office. This nexus will shortly be un-mitigated to other locations, besides. There are some Radio Frequency links for linking the local offices within a metropolis. The pick of the web depends upon location and feasibleness tallies on multiple media. The company uses IDSN connectivity as a support for its premier connectivity. Amazingly, contrary to the current tendency, Dabur does nt hold assorted leased lines to keep up its datacom web. The Situation: Problem Faced By The Company Before ERP Implementation For many old ages, Dabur had been utilizing Fox Pro based systems for its handling logistics but as the web has grown the distribution force per unit area rises engineering development was necessary. Fox Pro was a database in which each of the section likes gross revenues, finance etc had a separate database for their several sections. It was non a relational database. The company faced a batch of job because this similar information incompatibilities etc. It become necessary to incorporate the disconnected distribution web for the benefit of the company. This was the clip when Dabur felt the demand to implement some sort of ERP system. ERP Implementation in 4 phases till now 1st ERP execution Baan Dabur implemented Baan s ERP system in 1999 for mechanization of the fabrication procedure. This was the first ERP system which was implemented by the company in the major workss at Sahibabad and Baddi severally. The waiter used for this was Alpha Unix waiters and this was situated at the commercial office are used for Baan and about 200 coincident users can login from in cooperation with workss utilizing PAMA VSATs and fiber in the distant Baddi works. In Baan ERP system the cardinal faculties includes finance, fabrication, maestro production planning, intelligent resource planning, trader planning and costing. The assorted faculties maintain the path of the stuff as the stock list moves through the works and they are synchronised to each other. The primary distribution program becomes a really of import constituent of the fabrication system. The planning procedure of the compnay includes one month s stable Rolling Production Plan ( RPP ) of the company and two month s peal program subsequently on, based on a Rolling Gross saless Forecast ( RSF ) of Dabur. Problem in instance of Baan The operation of the fabrication system has been really hard as natural stuffs for Dabur s merchandises are largely sourced from the assorted unorganized sectors where fruits and herbs and other natural resorts are procured. The other challenge was of extended customisation which was necessary to run into rigorous FDA ordinances in the quality circle in Pharma merchandise lines. Not merely this, BaaN requires a cardinal waiter which was besides a job for the company. To suit so assorted locations many of them situated in little and distant countries into a cardinal processing system, Dabur needed a VSAT ( Very Small Aperture Terminal ) web for this. As with the bulk companies, gross revenues at Dabur extremum towards the last 4-5 yearss of the month which leads to more burden on the waiter. If the company were to depend on this sort of cardinal waiter architecture, which would be associated through VSATs, the web would be tremendously overburdened during every month-end. However, Dab ur neer required doing the web a serious constituent in the mechanization of the outbound logistics. The company determined to travel for an ERP solution that was Network Independent and it found that MFG/PRO could be run on independent waiters at every location it was a good pick that suited its alone demands. 2nd ERP execution MFG/PRO ERP Dabur hence initiated mechanization of the outward logistics system in April, 2001 by agencies of its primary circulation system named Project Synergy , which involves the executing of the MFG/PRO ERP system. The MGF/PRO system was running in greater than a twelve Carrying and Forwarding Agents ( CFAs ) and the major warehouses all over the state. It had covered more than 90 sites in the chief Distribution will be finished by 2002. Execution Once it was decided that MFG/PRO it will be to manage outbound logistics so a nucleus execution squad which comprised terminal users from different sections, like IT, gross revenues, distribution and planning, finance and was set up in order to work. The deployment was made in four phases. In the first phase a demand survey was done here a theoretical account was developed. Dabur has five SBUs ( Strategic Business Units ) , each with diverse demands in footings of the outbound logistics. It is a traditional FMCG company into household and health care merchandises, pharmaceutical merchandises, nutrient merchandises, which is a perishable merchandises division, ayurvedic merchandises for both the medical specialty and place sections. All these divisions have diverse demands. The nucleus squad had its occupation cut out: It had to develop a common concern theoretical account, which could provide to every section at the same clip. Significant benefits were seeable in locations where the ERP system had been implemented. These include: Improvement occur in gross revenues despatchs to the carrying and forward agents ( CFA ) . The gross revenues earlier were greatly overloaded with 80 per centum of gross revenues taking topographic point in the last hebdomad of the month which led to a figure of problem such as check bounce and gross revenues returns from pushed gross revenues to run into gross revenues marks. Improvement was seen in aggregations procedure besides. Collections have recorded an betterment of about 6 yearss after implementing ERP and now are more equally spread more than the month which leads to significant nest eggs on working capital protected up in out-bound logistics. Decrease in unsold stock stock list nad gross revenues returns. Stockss in transporting and forwading agents are noticeable to cardinal distribution contrivers in commercial and un-saleable classs most of import to better distribution nad direction. cardinal direction of gross revenues strategies. The corporate office manages the strategies and free issues and the ERP system keeps a tough trial on strategies most of import to worsen in abuse of strategies in the field. Reasons: why the shifted to another ERP system ( SAP ) By 2005 Dabur felt the demand of keeping two independent ERP systems for the company. They were confronting some of the issues like there were still data redundancies and incompatibilities in the database system. Significant sum of rework was indispensable in merely informations format interlingual rendition between the two systems. It still did non supply a holistic image and therefore posed problems in explicating a policy or taking concern important determinations. Care cost of MGF/PRO was besides really high. Dabur realized that it is non merely the operational excellence it needed but in besides needed determination support substructure and as a consequence of this the proposal of a lone organisation broad ERP execution was planned in Dabur. So, with the aid of Accenture, Dabur implemented strategic and operational alterations by execution of organisation broad SAP nucleus faculties. 3RD ERP execution SAP ( major alteration ) Migrated from standalone Enterprise Resourse Planning systems which includes Baan and Mfg to centralise SAP ERP system from 1st April, 2006 for all the concern units of dabur. Dabur implemented a state broad new Wide Area Network substructure for running centralised Enterprise resourse planning system and puting up of new informations centre at KCO caput office in Ghaziabad. Addition of system to the distributers for capturing Secondary Gross saless Data information to roll up near real-time grapevine information was done by 2004. Dabur decided to turn over out of IT services to new workss. Dabur is no unsusceptibility with regard to other industries and realized it needed to put to death enhanced and rapidly and do more rapid determinations in order to outpace its upper category in gross and prosperity growing. Accenture proposed that Dabur better its supply concatenation direction, to run into such ends and gross revenues and distribution capablenesss should besides be improved and utilize IT as a strategic enabler for its concern scheme. This integrated migration to a nimbler outsourcing theoretical account that would make significance through adeptness and sustain concern enterprises and safeguarding of its SAP ERP system. SAP fundamentally, was selected due to the extended experience in India and it is used by its rivals besides. How Accenture helped Dabur Accenture proposed that Dabur better its gross revenues and distribution services and supply concatenation direction capablenesss and utilize information engineering as a tactical enabler for its concern scheme. From an IT point of view, Accenture suggested a two-pronged scheme to Dabur that includes relocation to a nimbler outsourcing theoretical account that would make value through mental dexterity and keep up concern enterprises and protection of its SAP endeavor resource planning system. Accenture assembled a squad of extremely skilled industry experts so that it can convey these enterprises to life, every bit good as professionals with extended SAP design and execution experience. It implemented a new gross revenues and distribution scheme and in this Accenture helped in developing a widespread scheme that was noticeable as Dabur s first important enterprise to place cardinal client sections in urban and rural markets, custom-make gross revenues plans for cardinal histories and reorganise Dabur s gross revenues squads by one of four trade channels. There was some net income from these enterprises like addition in one-year gross revenues by 17 % whereas amplify in net incomes by over 40 % public presentation more operational effectivity and cutting down of costs. Operational Benefits Impact Lost Gross saless -40 % Forecast Mistake -53 % Full, on clip delivers +7 % Rolling production program attachment +73 % Accenture supported this concern attack with a moneymaking IT solution. It has developed in-house over several platforms, which captured actionable information crosswise the national footmark of practically 500 distributers. In the country of merchandise distribution, the squad focused on bolstering efficiencies and rural market incursion and designed a channel-specific scheme for grocers, chemists, modern trade, jobbers and convenience shops. In developing a more effectual gross revenues plan, Accenture paid particular attending to how Dabur might better service to Indian mega retail merchants, which are expected to account for more than 15 per centum of consumer merchandise gross revenues by 2010. For this group of clients, the squad established a new operating theoretical account that included a pricing architecture model to assistance dialogues, an activation scheme to steer tactical enterprises, and revised functions and duties for all members of the trade field force. In inventing this scheme, the Accenture and Dabur squad optimized the company s distribution procedures and internal logistics for mega retail clients, and put inducements in set to drive definite ends such as uniformity of gross revenues in food market shops, increased gross revenues via sweeping channels. 4th ERP execution SAP APO ( Current Scenario ) Automatizing prediction: Dabur hence decided to automatize the process to develop its prediction process. The company was already running SAP ERP from 2006 and decided to set into pattern SAP s Advanced Planner and Optimizer ( APO ) .To guarantee the truth of SAP APO, historical information was deconstructed to deduce the baseline gross revenues and impact of ATL/BTL inputs. Dabur has greatly benefited from SAP APO with improved concern results. Undertaking was divided into four different stages. The first stage was Diagnosis in which design and administration construction was done. It besides established the possible chance size and the concern instance. In the 2nd stage the design of the supply concatenation took topographic point. The 3rd stage the existent execution of APO faculties took topographic point. In the last stage the actuall running took topographic point ( April 2010 ) . Once you have input the growing target the full gross revenues volume program will be generated. All the other computations are in existent clip like required capacity planning, markets where we can acquire more concern. Then the system will automatically change over the gross revenues forecast into existent demands at the mill degree. Changes experienced in top line, bottom line and stock list turnover due to ERP execution Before the deployment, the lost gross revenues which were earlier accounted to 6 % were decreased to 3.75 % . More-over the company s mistake prognosis was besides reduced from 85 to 40 per centum and its prognosis truth amplified from 25 to over 60 per centum. Achieving this effort in merely eight months was a immense accomplishment for Dabur. This would non hold been possible sole of a concern benefit-led move towards to the exercising reasonably than an IT-led attack. With the recent executing of ERP, the effectivity of the distribution and logistics web is expected to progress more in the hereafter. Consumer wellness division grew by 12.5 % , that division has been impacted in the first one-fourth by the ERP platform conversion. The Undertaking A Solution A SAP Advanced Planner and Optimizer ( APO ) A Project Duration A Eight months A Benefits Lost gross revenues chances reduced from 6 to 3.75 per centum Mistake prognosis reduced from 85 to 40 per centum Forecast truth increased from 25 to over 60 per centum Decision A strong plan direction attack and an execution spouse holding good concern apprehension and proved experience were other factors that served as accelerators.

Free Essays on Labour Market Flexibility

Introduction Few would deny today that the economic reforms (i.e., stabilization and structural adjustment policies), currently being implemented in many developing countries including India, have social costs. But many would argue that a large part of the social costs are attributable not to the economic reforms per se but to the labour market rigidities existing in most developing countries. It follows that minimizing social costs of stabilization and structural adjustment policies require reforms designed to increase labour market flexibility. These arguments define the back-drop to the analysis presented in this report. The analysis begins with a theoretical probe into the reasons why social costs arise in the course of stabilization and structural adjustment and the extent to which labour market reforms can help minimize these costs in the specific context of India. Three major issues of labour policy wage policy, employment security and labour redundancy are then empirically investigated. The ideas for reforms, proposed in the report, emerge from these investigations. Economic Reforms and the Labour Market The economic reforms give rise to social costs for a number of reasons. First, stabilization policies are contractionary in nature and usually lead to a sharp slow down in economic growth. This has the effect of worsening employment conditions. Second, stabilization polices often lead to decline in domestic saving and investment rates. Where this happens, the contractionary effect persists in the medium term and the employment conditions continue to worsen. Third, structural adjustment, especially in today's context of globalization, calls for rapid changes in the composition of output and in techniques of production, particularly in the modern, organized segment of the economy. This leads to labour redundancy in the short run and very slow growth of employment in the medium term. In some cases, as in India, a ... Free Essays on Labour Market Flexibility Free Essays on Labour Market Flexibility Introduction Few would deny today that the economic reforms (i.e., stabilization and structural adjustment policies), currently being implemented in many developing countries including India, have social costs. But many would argue that a large part of the social costs are attributable not to the economic reforms per se but to the labour market rigidities existing in most developing countries. It follows that minimizing social costs of stabilization and structural adjustment policies require reforms designed to increase labour market flexibility. These arguments define the back-drop to the analysis presented in this report. The analysis begins with a theoretical probe into the reasons why social costs arise in the course of stabilization and structural adjustment and the extent to which labour market reforms can help minimize these costs in the specific context of India. Three major issues of labour policy wage policy, employment security and labour redundancy are then empirically investigated. The ideas for reforms, proposed in the report, emerge from these investigations. Economic Reforms and the Labour Market The economic reforms give rise to social costs for a number of reasons. First, stabilization policies are contractionary in nature and usually lead to a sharp slow down in economic growth. This has the effect of worsening employment conditions. Second, stabilization polices often lead to decline in domestic saving and investment rates. Where this happens, the contractionary effect persists in the medium term and the employment conditions continue to worsen. Third, structural adjustment, especially in today's context of globalization, calls for rapid changes in the composition of output and in techniques of production, particularly in the modern, organized segment of the economy. This leads to labour redundancy in the short run and very slow growth of employment in the medium term. In some cases, as in India, a ...

LTC Administrators and Alzheimers's Disease Essay

LTC Administrators and Alzheimers's Disease - Essay Example According to the Alzheimer’s Association of America, 5.3 million Americans have this disease in 2015 (Alzheimer’s Association of America, 2015). The ages for the affected individuals varies as 5.1 million of them are above the age of 65 while 200,000 are under the age of 65. The Association also states that two-thirds of the affected are women. The figures state that from the 5.3 million affected individuals 3.2 million are women while 1.9 are men. In addition, the number of patients is expected to grow each year as the proportion of Americans who are above the ages of 65 continues to grow. It is projected that by 2025, the number of people suffering from Alzheimer’s will have increased to 7.1 million and by 2050, the numbers will have already reached 13.8 million people. This is an alarming prediction since such numbers will hamper any form of research, and the chances of obtaining a medical breakthrough will be very slim. Alzheimer’s has no known cure, but there are medications if administered, can help the patients to cope with the disease (Newport, 2013). When the symptoms appear, it is advisable see a physician or a neurologist to plot the next course of action. A majority of diseases irrespective of their scope can be managed if detected early. Individuals living with Alzheimer’s need specialized care, and there are a few options for the families of the affected. They included home health care, nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Nursing homes provide personal and custodial care to the individuals who cannot do it themselves. Nursing homes are not the primary facilities for taking care of Alzheimer’s patients as well as other individuals with acute illnesses. Nursing homes bring about complaints from both the patients and the caregivers. Patients might feel that their autonomy had been eroded since they have no freedom

Ethical Consumption - attitudes, behavior, ethical consumption Essay

Ethical Consumption - attitudes, behavior, ethical consumption literature - Essay Example Thus due to the growing importance of ethical consumption it has become crucial for marketers to understand the meaning and the relation between ethical attitudes and behaviour. Ethical behaviour denotes the characteristics of honesty, dignity, diversity and equality in interpersonal and professional approaches (Darley & et. at., 2001). On the contrary, ethical attitude suggests the principles or morality of a human being (Cowan, 2006).In the backdrop of this, the essay intends to explain why attitudes may not always help to predict behaviour and why the attitude-behaviour gap might be so prevalent throughout the ethical consumption literature in particular. During the discussion the initial object is to define the theory of reasoned action. It can be asserted as a model of guessing the behavioural aim. In accordance with General liberal arts (2014), it can be asserted as person’s attitude always leads to a particular behaviour for a certain outcome. Theory of reasoned action relates with reflecting relationship between attitude and actual behaviour. According to this theory behaviour and intention for behaviour is the dependent variables, whereas attitude towards the behaviour and subject norms are independent variables (General Liberal Arts, 2014). A person’s intention to perform a particular behaviour is measured by the behavioural intention. It has been observed that attitudes and norms are not measured equally in predicting behaviour. Instead, it depends upon the individual person and the situation (Vallerand & et. at., 1991). These factors can put different effects on behavioural intention. Correspondingly, these fac tors are identified below. According to the theory of reasoned action, attitude is an outcome of collection of beliefs regarding a particular behaviour based on the evaluation of these beliefs. It can be best understand through an example. Correspondingly, it can be asserted

The issue of ecology Essay Example for Free

The issue of ecology Essay The issue of ecology as a transnational issue has become highlighted with the intensification of world trade. As such, it becomes a global responsibility and a consideration in developing trade policies. As the primary governing body of international trade, the World Trade Organization (WTO) has been one of the pioneers in equating environmental responsibility with trade (Deal, 2002). At the same time there, has been regional efforts to standardize environmental laws to mitigate the impact of development in shared environs as illustrated by the efforts of the European Union (EU), North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) (Sampson, 1998). One of the efforts made by the WTO is the development of the Kyoto Protocol which is aiming to mitigate environmental issue particularly global warming by establishing a trade system for emissions. However, there has been a difficulty in the implementation of the regulation because of varying views on the policies as well as difficulty in monitoring emissions. At the same time, there have been some issues regarding the institution of multilateral agreements that are contradicting or undermining the Kyoto Protocol or the status of most favored nations (MFN) (Brewer, 2004). Focus For WTO members, the use of energy tax adjustments could have significant implications. The issue raises difficult environmental, trade policy issues, economic issues. It also raise the internalization of environmental costs and the â€Å"polluter pays† principle, the effects on trade competitiveness and relationship between the multilateral environmental agreements and WTO agreements. The main issue that whether Article III: 2 first provisions of the 1994 GATT or the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade ponders the use of border tax adjustment (BTA) on â€Å"final† products for taxes on the manufacture of inputs. Albeit the decision in Superfund case, discussed in the latter of this section, the question will turn on a proper analysis of the taxes â€Å"applied, directly or indirectly, to â€Å"the like products to be compared, as opposed to the overall â€Å"fiscal burden† on producers from taxes on inputs. The Kyoto Protocol and the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade In December 1997, the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention was adopted. Under Kyoto Protocol, only Annex 1 countries are subject to legally binding emissions reduction commitments for the commitment period 2008-2012 in post-2000 scenario. Annex 1 parties or developed countries have to meet individual emission reduction targets listed in Annex B of the Protocol. Developing countries or non-Annex 1 parties are not subject to specific emission reduction commitments. Though over 120 countries have ratified the Protocol but the Protocol has yet to come into force. U. S. A and other developed countries have to date indicated an intention not to ratify the Protocol. Another contention is with regards to Article 1, II, VI and VII of the GATT and their potential implication with border tax adjustments. Further, energy tax adjustments may be challengeable under Article XXIII: 1 [b] of 1994. Finally, Panel approach to WTO-consistency will be governed by the reasonableness of the specific measure and its appreciation of the wider international implications. Energy tax adjustments as per Article III: 2 first sentences could offer potentially broad scope for countries to apply energy tax adjustments as disguised barriers to trade. Such results would do little to serve the objectives of either the WTO multilateral trading system or the international response to climatic change. Border Tax Adjustment Border Tax Adjustment [BTA] is a tax levied on imported products to adjust or compensate for taxes levied on domestic product. The main goal of BTA is to ensure trade neutrality of domestic taxation and thereby safeguarding competitive equality between imported and domestic goods. BTA is not necessarily levied at the border and imports may be taxed at the point of sale or consumption. Sales tax, consumption taxes or excise duties, value added taxes are examples of domestic taxes that might be subject to BTA. Likewise, a BTA on imported energy products such as imported natural gas or diesel fuel and other fossil fuels for domestic excise duties would fall within this group. Though the taxes on energy have been levied by governments for fiscal purpose for long time, now there has been a change in trend to levy â€Å"energy tax† mainly for â€Å"environmental† purpose. Energy tax is being levied on energy inputs such as coal ,electricity or gasoline which in turn calculated in value terms , or on the basis of its content of carbon of fossil fuels which is also known as â€Å"carbon taxes†. As of now, there exists no border tax adjustment scheme in place for taxes on energy inputs employed in the production of final products. However, European and other high energy taxing governments are contemplating to introduce such measures in near future due to the pressure exerted by environmental and industry groups. But there are increasing pressures from environmental groups to enforce strictly trade measures to enforce Kyoto Protocol objectives against non-signatories like United States. These environment groups regard the U. S. rejection of the Kyoto protocol is unfair as it places the European business at a disadvantage. They argue that Europe has the right to penalize the U. S goods for the pollution they cause under â€Å"Polluters pay â€Å"policy. Cases for Consideration A BTA can be applied on final goods or on inputs used in the production process. An example is the border tax adjustment on imports of aluminum’s for taxes on energy used in the production process as taxes are being levied on embodied energy in the final good that are adjusted, as opposed to taxes on the final goods itself. These measures are regarded as contentious with linkage to WTO trade and environmental debate. Albeit the Appellate body’s findings in the United States – Shrimp dispute, the exercise of trade measures applied on the basis of process and production methods (PPM) – in this case embodied taxes, carbon or energy –remains highly contentious. BTA for domestic taxes on energy inputs also raise significant equity and sovereignty concerns on the use of trade measures to inflict domestic environmental or taxation systems on other countries. Super Fund The case is against levy of superfund tax by U. S. A on petrochemicals and other chemicals and inputs when imported and sold in U. S and no tax is levied when it is exported out of U. S. U. S claimed that the aim of the tax was to compensate the cleaning up cost of hazardous waste sites and towards public health programs. When an importer fails to provide the details of input which he imported, then a penalty tax rate of 5 % was imposed. The GATT panel ruled that the tax on imported substance was a tax ‘directly imposed on products’ and hence eligible for border tax adjustments. The panel held the US super tax would be consistent with the Article III: 2 first sentence as long as it is equivalent to tax borne by the like domestic substances. The U. S direction to provide the information of inputs may make such information available to trade competitors and would have a real effect in discouraging trade. In this case, it appeared that neither the GATT Panel nor the parties sought to distinguish between the tax applied to the imported products, the like domestic products or the chemical products used in the production of the like domestic products. The Panel seemed to accept the US argument that the imported product and that the like domestic product was subject to the same â€Å"fiscal burden†.

IVF - In Vitro Fertilization :: essays research papers

10, 000 Australian couples are treated with IVF each year. The expensive and rather risky program (costing around $4000 excluding overheads) allows infertile couples to achieve pregnancy when conventional therapy has failed or is unacceptable. The procedure involves placing eggs that have been fertilised in a cultured dish directly into the uterus. A successful procedure will go as follows: - Couples are counselled about their situation and informed on the procedure, their obligations and rights. - Medical history, physical examination and other related tests are taken to determine candidacy. - The woman receives hormone injections (Human Menopausal Gonadotropin and recombinant Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) to stimulate development of the ovarian follicles which contain eggs. Frequent blood tests are taken to monitor hormone secretion from the ovary and pituitary gland. - When eggs are ripe, they are retrieved by transvaginal needle aspiration, guided by ultrasound. At the same time, semen samples from the husband (or donor) are obtained. The most active and healthy sperm are selected by forcing them to swim through a culture medium. - The egg and sperm are placed together in a suitable medium for fertilisation to occur in a culture dish. If fertilisation does not occur after 72 hours, the oocytes (incompletely developed eggs) and sperm are disposed of. The resulting embryos are observed for the next few days. - A small plastic tube is inserted through cervix to place embryos into the uterus. The patient is able to go home a few hours later with minimal discomfort. During the first two weeks after embryonic transfer, hormones (such as Progesterone or HCG) may be administered. The procedure above can bring either joy or disappointment. A successful patient from the Atlanta Reproductive Healthcare Center states: “For all of us, hearing that we are pregnant will be the most wonderful news. But remember, as easily as they told you that you are pregnant, it can be just as easy for them to tell you that you have lost your child.'; Of the 10,000 people treated each year in Australia, there is a 92% failure rate. More often than not, something goes wrong and couples are left with a hefty medical bill, no pregnancy and compounded emotional stress. Every stage of IVF contains and element of risk, from the administration of drugs to the actual birth of the child. Woman who undergo IVF are at risk of experiencing serious side effects. Many of these are caused by the

Inclusion Is Thought To Be A Complex Education Essay

In general, inclusion of kids with particular educational demands in mainstream schools is an of import issue and all European states now have statute laws promoting inclusive educational scenes. ( Evans & A ; Lunt, 2002 ) . Even though inclusion has obtained assorted significances throughout the old ages, since the debut of the term in Warnock Report ( 1978 ) but besides through many Codes of Practice, the significance of effectual inclusion is still unclarified. ( Nind & A ; Wearmouth,2006 ) . So, it seems necessary, harmonizing to Unicef ( 2012 ) , to know apart inclusion from two other footings. First, segregation in which students are distributed to particular schools harmonizing to their damage. Second, from integrating in which pupils can be placed in mainstream schools but in separate, particular demands ‘ schoolrooms and be portion of this educational seeting every bit long as they adapt to its environment. Nevertheless, inclusion has a more embracing significance as i t proposes the suspension of all boundaries and a common assimilation of societal, cultural, curricular individuality of the kid but besides of the whole system. ( Nowich,2008 ; G, Richards et Armstrong 2011 ) . UNESCO refers this assimilation by stressing the duty of the society to offer instruction to everybody and by specifying that inclusion as a â€Å" procedure of increasing engagement in acquisition, civilizations and communities and cut downing exclusion within and from instruction † ( Unicef 2012,4p ) . This combination of increasing entree and besides of extinguishing exclusions led Booth ( 2003 ) to believe inclusion as an eternal process. However, it is something more than puting all kids, including those with SEN, in the same setting.It is, in contrast to integrating, the version of school to childrens ‘ demands. ( Heat et al. 2004 ) . However, it is non easy to comprehend the term of inclusion in theory but besides in practice.That is why Giddens ( 1994 ) refers to an â€Å" Utopian pragmatism † that many desire but few truly believe it can go on ( Croll & A ; Moses, 2000 ) while Slee ( 2004 ) metaphorically says that inclusion has become â€Å" jet lagged † in order to exemplify the assortment of definitions existed for inclusion throughout the years.Indeed, inclusion is hard to be understood and identified because of its diverseness and the deficiency of a planetary significance as in many states it is confused with integrating ( Armstrong,2005 ) . What is of import to comprehend is that we should see inclusion in a wider context in order to accomplish it.This agencies that if the purpose of extinguishing unintegrated instruction is successful, it is merely because society believes in inclusion and topographic points accent on persons ‘ rights and non on their acquisition troubles ( Thomas, 1997 ) . So, it is a affair of handling all kids every bit and non merely in the same manner ( Wedell, 2008 ) . This can be managed through a transmutation in the whole society and its rules and afterwards in every smaller context such as the educational 1†¦ . On the other manus, SEBD is besides considered a obscure term and hard to be understood because of deficiency of lucidity and the diverseness of their features. Consequently, inclusion of kids who are labelled as holding SEBD raises many treatments throughout the old ages. ( Cole & A ; Knowles 2011 ) .Nevertheless, it was non until 1981 through the Education Act that emotional and behavioral troubles ( EBD ) as a term was introduced and accepted for the first time.The old Educational Act ( 1944 ) had instigated the term â€Å" maladjusted † by doing a more medical attack of these troubles whereas in the 19th century, these students were confused with delinquents or â€Å" mental defectives † . ( Cole & A ; Knowles 30p. ) However, despite the abolition of †maladjusted kids † as a definition, the Education Act continued to advance integrating and non the inclusion of people with particular demands in general†¦ ..Besides, this advancement from covering the se pupils as being maladjusted or holding emotional upsets to kids with multiple troubles was besides considerable for switching off from the medical theoretical account and traveling towards the societal 1†¦ †¦ Many research workers argue that there is non a globally accepted definition for kids with emotional and behavioral troubles ( see e.g Benett & A ; Aalsvoort, 2005 ) even though many alterations in policy have been made through governmental paperss in order to advance inclusion of these pupils in mainstream schools ( Goodman, 2010 ) . It is used as a â€Å" quasi-official term † that concerns pupils ‘ behavior described as â€Å" riotous † , â€Å" exlcuded † , â€Å" disputing † or â€Å" at hazard † ( Clough, Garner, Pardek, Yuen 2005 p.7 ) . Despite the vagueness and the multiple definitions existed, there have been many governmental alterations that increase the opportunities for pupils with SEN such as those characterised as holding SEBD to be portion of mainstream instruction. ( Goodman & A ; Burton 2010 ) . For case, SEN Code of Practice explains SEBD as: â€Å" a acquisition trouble where kids and immature people demonstrate characteristics of emotional and behavioral troubles such as: being withdrawn or isolated, interrupting and disrupted ; being overactive and deficient concentration ; holding immature societal accomplishments ; or showing disputing behavior originating from other complex particular demands † ( DCSF 2008, paragraph 49 ) . Indeed, it is an imprecise term, as Goodman and Burton note, that is connected with many different behaviors, internalizing and projecting but besides with other troubles such as the job in acquisition or the hyperactivity. However, one of the most of import issues that might be raised is how teaching and inclusion can be effectual when the significance of umbrella footings such as SEN or SEBD have so many premises. ( Campbell 2002 ) .Furthermore, contemplations should be made about how to gain the purposes of inclusion and why all these barriers for its accomplishment exist.Is it appropriate to speak about a spread between theory and pattern? Jull ( 2009 ) summarises that inclusion of kids with SEBD faces many jobs in execution because of deficiency of educational and administrative administration but besides because of the behavior itself of pupils as the chief trouble to accomplish inclusion.Indeed, kids with SEBD are at great hazard of being excluded ( DfeS, 2004 ) as their antis ocial behavior is thought to be a great challenge ( White Paper 2010 ; Green Paper, 2007 ) . The troubles briefly outlined above high spot the complexness of inclusion of kids identified as holding SEBD in UK context as there is a scope of issues, challenges and quandary being raised. As a consequence, after analyzing these barriers, I will propose possible ways frontward to get the better of them. Furthermore, I will reason that despite the jobs and contemplations, inclusion can be achieved but in order to be effectual, a whole transmutation must be occurred in society and educational scenes. Therefore, I will do connexions to my ain personal experience in Greece as a six months volunteer instructor of handicraft and linguistic communication to striplings and grownups with high-functioning autism and Down syndrome who besides faced emotional and behavioral diificulties.